Paralaks: Pabidaan ralatan

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==Weapon sights==
==Weapon sights==
Parallax affects [[sight (device)|sighting devices]] of [[ranged weapon]]s in many ways. On sights fitted on [[small arms]] and [[Bow and arrow|bows]], etc., the perpendicular distance between the sight and the weapon's launch axis (e.g. the [[bore axis]] of a gun)—generally referred to as "''sight height''"—can induce significant aiming errors when shooting at close range, particularly when shooting at small targets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dexadine.com/bexhelp/bexhelp23.htm|title=Ballistic Explorer Help|website=www.dexadine.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928025148/http://www.dexadine.com/bexhelp/bexhelp23.htm|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> This parallax error is compensated for (when needed) via calculations that also take in other variables such as [[bullet drop]], [[windage]], and the distance at which the target is expected to be.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.crossbowmen.com/index.htm.trajectory.html|title=Crossbows / Arrows & Bolts / Trajectory / Trajectories.|website=www.crossbowmen.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708205657/http://www.crossbowmen.com/index.htm.trajectory.html|archive-date=2011-07-08}}</ref>
Paralaks bapangaruh lawan [[panglihatan (alat)|alat panglihatan]] matan [[sanjata jarak jauh]] dalam banyak hal. Kekeran nang dipasang di [[sanjata halus]] wan [[busur wan panah|busur]], wan sanjata lainnya., jarak tegak lurus antara panglihatan wan sumbu paluncuran sanjata (misalnya [[kaliber paluncuran]] matan sanjata) biasanya dipinandui lawan ngaran "''katinggian panglihatan''" kawa maalami kasalahan mangeker nang liwar banar pas manimbak di jarak nang parak, apalagi pas manimbak target nang halus.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dexadine.com/bexhelp/bexhelp23.htm|title=Ballistic Explorer Help|website=www.dexadine.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928025148/http://www.dexadine.com/bexhelp/bexhelp23.htm|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> Kasalahan paralaks ngini disaimbangakan (pas diparluakan) mamakai pahitungan nang mamarluakan jua variabel nanh lain kaya [[gugurnya paluru]], [[katahanan angin lawan ubjik]], wan jarak target nang diparkiraakan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.crossbowmen.com/index.htm.trajectory.html|title=Crossbows / Arrows & Bolts / Trajectory / Trajectories.|website=www.crossbowmen.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708205657/http://www.crossbowmen.com/index.htm.trajectory.html|archive-date=2011-07-08}}</ref>


==Catatan Batis==
==Catatan Batis==

Ralatan matan 21 April 2021 06.13

Ilustrasi sadarhana masalah paralaks matan ubjik lawan jarak tawing maraga paubahan sudut pandang. Amun diitihi matan ""Sudut pandang A", objek kalihatannga baandak di muka kutak warna biru. Amun diitihi matan "Sudut pandang B", ubjik tadi "kalihatan" sudah bapindah ka kutak warna habang.
Animasi ngini marupakan contoh matan paralaks. Kawa diitihi sudut pandangnya bagarak matan sabuting sisi ka sabuting sisi lainnya, ubjik nang tajauh kalihatan bagarak talambat pada ubjik nang taparak lawan kamera. Di kasus ngini, kutak putih nang ada di muka kalihatan bagarak tacapat pada kutak warna hijau nang ada ditangah.

Paralaks (baasal matan kata Yunani Bahari παράλλαξις (parallaxis) nang artinya alternisasi) marupakan pamindahan atawa parbidaan dalam malihat andak sabuting ubjik lawan dua buting sudut pandang nang balain wan diukur lawan sudut atawa semi-sudut kamiringan antara dua garis ngitu.[1][2] Maraga perspektif, ubjik nang taparak manampaiakan paralaks nang taganal pada ubjik nang tajauh amun diitihi matan andak nang balaian, jadi paralaks kawa dipakai gasan manantuakan jarak.

Perspektif visual

Di foto ngini, Matahari talihat diatas lampu jalan. Di pantulannya nang ada di banyu, matahari cungul sajalur lawan lampu jalan maraga gambar virtual tabantuk matan posisi malihat nang balain.

Mata manusia wan binatang nang lainnya baandak di tampat nang balain-lain di kapalanya, parbidaan andak ngini mahasilakan sudut pandang nang balain jua. Hal ngini marupakan basis matan stereopsis, sabuah proses di mana otak maeksploitasi paralaks maraga pandangan nang balain matan mata gasan mandapatakan persepsi nang jalas wan mamparkiraakan jarak ka ubjik.[3] Binatang mamakai jua paralaks garak, dimana binatang (atawa kapalanya haja) bagarak gasan manadapatakan sudut pandang nang balain. Cuntuhnya, merpati (nang matanya kada baisi bidang pandang nang batumpang tindih jadinya inya kada kawa mamakai stereopsis) manggelengakan kapalanya kaatas wan kabawah sakira kawa malihat labih jalas.[4]

Paralaks garak kawa jua didapatakan mamakai stereoskopi baguyang, grafik komputer mambari gambar nang jalas malalui aniamsi sudut pandang nang bapindah daripada mamakai panglihatan binokular.

Weapon sights

Paralaks bapangaruh lawan alat panglihatan matan sanjata jarak jauh dalam banyak hal. Kekeran nang dipasang di sanjata halus wan busur, wan sanjata lainnya., jarak tegak lurus antara panglihatan wan sumbu paluncuran sanjata (misalnya kaliber paluncuran matan sanjata) biasanya dipinandui lawan ngaran "katinggian panglihatan" kawa maalami kasalahan mangeker nang liwar banar pas manimbak di jarak nang parak, apalagi pas manimbak target nang halus.[5] Kasalahan paralaks ngini disaimbangakan (pas diparluakan) mamakai pahitungan nang mamarluakan jua variabel nanh lain kaya gugurnya paluru, katahanan angin lawan ubjik, wan jarak target nang diparkiraakan.[6]

Catatan Batis

  1. ^ "Parallax".Shorter Oxford English Dictionary.(1968). “Mutual inclination of two lines meeting in an angle” 
  2. ^ "Parallax".Oxford English Dictionary(Second).(1989). “Astron. Apparent displacement, or difference in the apparent position, of an object, caused by actual change (or difference) of position of the point of observation; spec. the angular amount of such displacement or difference of position, being the angle contained between the two straight lines drawn to the object from the two different points of view, and constituting a measure of the distance of the object.” 
  3. ^ Steinman, Scott B.; Garzia, Ralph Philip (2000). Foundations of Binocular Vision: A Clinical perspective. McGraw-Hill Professional. hlm. 2–5. ISBN 978-0-8385-2670-5. 
  4. ^ Steinman & Garzia 2000, p. 180.
  5. ^ "Ballistic Explorer Help". www.dexadine.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-09-28. 
  6. ^ "Crossbows / Arrows & Bolts / Trajectory / Trajectories". www.crossbowmen.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-07-08. 

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